What type of tool is required to properly torque a hot end nozzle?

A torque wrench is required to properly torque a hot end nozzle. A torque wrench is a specialized tool that allows you to apply a precise amount of rotational force (torque) to a fastener, such as a nozzle. Hot end nozzles need to be tightened to a specific torque value to ensure a proper seal between the nozzle and the heat break, preventing leaks of molten filament. Over-tightening the nozzle can damage the threads on the nozzle or heat block, while under-tightening can lead to leaks and inconsistent extrusion. A torque wrench allows you to achieve the correct tightness without risking damage, which is crucial for reliable 3D printing performance. The appropriate torque value is typically specified by the hot end manufacturer and should be followed precisely.