What is the correct procedure for handling a fuel spill during refueling operations, considering both immediate containment and long-term environmental impact?

The correct procedure for handling a fuel spill during refueling operations requires immediate action focusing on both containment and minimizing long-term environmental impact. First, immediately stop the fuel flow by activating the emergency shut-off valve on the fuel truck and/or the aircraft fueling system. Simultaneously, alert the flight crew and airport emergency services, providing specific details about the spill's location, estimated quantity, and any potential hazards. Next, contain the spill using absorbent materials such as absorbent pads or booms. These materials are specifically designed to soak up fuel without reacting with it. Encircle the spill to prevent it from spreading further, paying particular attention to drainage systems, as fuel entering these systems can contaminate soil and groundwater. If the spill is large or occurs near a drain, use a spill kit's drain covers to seal off the drains. Prevent ignition sources from approaching the spill area; this includes shutting down nearby equipment, prohibiting smoking, and avoiding the use of cell phones or other electronic devices that could generate a spark. Once the spill is contained, begin the cleanup process using the absorbent materials. Saturated materials should be placed in specifically marked containers designed for hazardous waste disposal. Never wash the fuel spill into a drain or allow it to evaporate, as this will cause environmental harm. Document the spill, including the date, time, location, estimated quantity, and actions taken. This information is crucial for reporting to environmental agencies. For long-term environmental impact mitigation, ensure proper disposal of contaminated materials in accordance with local, state, and federal regulations. Depending on the severity of the spill, soil testing may be required to assess the extent of contamination. If soil contamination is detected, remediation measures, such as soil removal or bioremediation, may be necessary to restore the affected area. A follow-up investigation should be conducted to determine the cause of the spill and implement preventative measures to avoid future occurrences, which may involve reviewing fueling procedures, equipment maintenance, and personnel training.