Explain the function of 'inna wa akhawatuha' (إن وأخواتها) and how they affect the case endings of the nouns within a sentence.

'Inna wa akhawatuha' (إن وأخواتها), translated as 'inna and its sisters,' are a group of particles in Arabic grammar that perform a specific function in nominal sentences (الجملة الاسمية). A nominal sentence typically consists of a subject (المبتدأ) and a predicate (الخبر), with the subject usually in the nominative case (مرفوع) and the predicate also in the nominative case. When 'inna' or one of its sisters enters the sentence, it *alters the case endingsof the subject and predicate. Specifically....