In classical Arabic poetry, how does 'iltifat' (الإلتفات) function as a rhetorical device, and what effect does it achieve?

'Iltifat' (الإلتفات), which translates to 'turning' or 'shifting,' is a significant rhetorical device (فن البلاغة) in classical Arabic poetry. It involves a *deliberate shiftin grammatical person, number, or tense within a poem. This shift is not arbitrary but serves a specific artistic purpose, aiming to capture the reader's attention, create emphasis, and enhance the emotional impact of the verse. The function of 'iltifat' is to disrupt the expected flow of the poem and introduce a sudden change in perspective. This can manifest in several ways. The most common form is shifting between first, second, and third person pronouns. For ....