What are some typical instrumentation used during bridge load testing and what parameters do they measure?

Typical instrumentation used during bridge load testing includes strain gauges, linear variable differential transformers (LVDTs), load cells, and accelerometers. Strain gauges measure the strain, or deformation, of the bridge material at specific points, providing information about the stress levels within the structure. LVDTs measure the displacement or deflection of the bridge deck or other components under load. Load cells measure the forces exerted by the supports on the bridge (support reactions) or the applied loads themselves. Accelerometers measure the vibrations or accelerations of the bridge deck, providing information about its dynamic response. Data from these instruments is collected using a data acquisition system and analyzed to assess the bridge's structural behavior and load-carrying capacity.