Explain the concept of operator overloading in C++. Provide examples of how operators can be overloaded to work with user-defined types.

Operator overloading in C++ is a powerful feature that allows programmers to redefine the behavior of operators for user-defined types. It enables the use of familiar operators such as +, -, , /, =, etc., with custom objects or data types. By overloading operators, C++ provides a natural and intuitive syntax for performing operations on user-defined types. Let's delve into the concept of operator overloading in C++ and provide examples of how operators can be overloaded.

1. Operator Overloading Basics:
Operator overloading involves providing a special meaning to an operator when it is used with user-defined types. This allows objects of a class to behave like built-in types, enabling operations on custom objects using standard operators. Operator overloading is achieved by defining functions that are called when the corresponding operator is used.

2. Overloading Binary Operators:
Binary operators require two operands to perform the operation. Some commonly overloaded binary operators include +, -, , /, ==, !=, <, >, etc. These operators can be overloaded as member functions or global functions.

Let's take an example of a `Vector` class representing a mathematical vector and overload the + operator:

```
cpp`class Vector {
private:
double x;
double y;

public:
Vector(double x, double y) : x(x), y(y) {}

Vector operator+(const Vector& other) const {
return Vector(x + other.x, y + other.y);
}
};`
```
In the example above, we overload the + operator as a member function. The operator function takes a constant reference to another `Vector` object and returns a new `Vector` object that represents the sum of the two vectors. With the operator overloaded, we can now use the + operator to add two `Vector` objects:

```
cpp`Vector v1(2.0, 3.0);
Vector v2(1.5, 2.5);
Vector result = v1 + v2; // Operator + is overloaded to add two vectors`
```
3. Overloading Unary Operators:
Unary operators require only one operand to perform the operation. Some commonly overloaded unary operators include ++ (prefix/postfix), -- (prefix/postfix), !, etc. Unary operators can be overloaded as member functions or global functions.

Let's take an example of a `Counter` class that represents a simple counter and overload the ++ operator:

```
cpp`class Counter {
private:
int count;

public:
Counter(int initialCount) : count(initialCount) {}

Counter operator++() {
++count;
return *this;
}
};`
```
In the example above, we overload the ++ operator as a member function to increment the count. The operator function does not take any parameters and returns a reference to the modified `Counter` object. With the operator overloaded, we can now use the ++ operator to increment a `Counter` object:

```
cpp`Counter c(5);
++c; // Operator ++ is overloaded to increment the counter`
```
4. Overloading Comparison Operators:
Comparison operators such as ==, !=, <, >, <=, >= can be overloaded to provide custom comparison logic for user-defined types. These operators can be overloaded as member functions or global functions.

Let's take an example of a `Fraction` class representing a fractional number and overload the comparison operators:

```
cpp`class Fraction {
private:
int numerator;
int denominator;

public:
Fraction(int numerator, int denominator) : numerator(numerator), denominator(denominator) {}

bool operator==(const Fraction& other) const {
return (numerator * other.denominator == other.numerator * denominator);
}
};`
```
In the example above, we overload