How can you define and use functions and subroutines in MATLAB?

Sure! Here's an in-depth answer to the question:

3. Defining Subroutines (continued):

* Subroutines in MATLAB are defined using the `function` keyword followed by the subroutine name and any input arguments.
* Syntax:
```
matlab`function subroutineName(input1, input2, ...)
% Subroutine body
% Perform actions
end`
```
* Example:
```
matlab`function displayMessage(name)
fprintf('Hello, %s!\n', name);
fprintf('Welcome to MATLAB.\n');
end`
```
* In this example, the subroutine `displayMessage` is defined, which takes a single input argument `name`. It displays a personalized greeting message along with a welcome message in MATLAB.
4. Calling Subroutines:

* Subroutines are called just like functions, but without assigning the output to a variable.
* Syntax:
```
matlab`subroutineName(input1, input2, ...)`
```
* Example:
```
matlab`userName = 'John';
displayMessage(userName); % Call the displayMessage subroutine`
```
Output:
```
css`Hello, John!
Welcome to MATLAB.`
```
* In this example, the subroutine `displayMessage` is called with the input argument `userName`. It prints a personalized greeting message and a welcome message to the MATLAB command window.

Functions and subroutines are powerful tools in MATLAB that allow for code reuse and modular programming. They enable you to write clean, organized, and efficient code by encapsulating specific tasks or computations into separate entities. Whether you need to perform complex mathematical operations, process data, or create custom functionality, functions and subroutines play a crucial role in MATLAB programming.