Discuss the principles of encapsulation and data hiding in Perl's OOP.

In Perl's object-oriented programming (OOP), encapsulation and data hiding are important principles that promote code organization, modularity, and data integrity. Let's explore each of these principles in detail: 1. Encapsulation: * Encapsulation refers to the bundling of data (attributes) and methods (functions) within a class, and restricting direct access to the internal details of an object. * Encapsulation helps to achieve information hiding, where the internal implementation details of an object are hidden from external entities, ensuring that they can only interact with the object through well-defined interfaces (methods). * By encapsulating data and methods, the class acts as a protective container, ensuring that the object's state is accessed and modified only in a controlled manner. * Encapsulation provides several benefits, such as code organization, abstraction, and improved maintainability, as changes to the internal imple....