What is concurrency in Ruby? How can you achieve concurrent execution of tasks?

Concurrency in Ruby refers to the ability to execute multiple tasks or processes concurrently. It allows different parts of a program to make progress independently and simultaneously, improving performance and responsiveness. Ruby provides several mechanisms to achieve concurrent execution of tasks: 1. Threads: Ruby supports native threads through the `Thread` class. Threads allow you to execute multiple tasks concurrently within a single program. Each thread represents a separate flow of control that can run concurrently with other threads. You can create threads using the `Thread.new` method and define the code to be executed concurrently within a block. Threads can be useful for performing non-blocking I/O operations or parallelizing CPU-intensive tasks. 2. Fibers: Fibers are lightweight cooperative concurrency primitives in Ruby. Unlike threads, which are preemptively scheduled by the operating syst....