What is the core principle behind the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) established under the Kyoto Protocol?

The core principle behind the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) established under the Kyoto Protocol is to allow developed countries with emission reduction commitments to invest in emission-reducing projects in developing countries as an alternative to reducing emissions domestically. The Kyoto Protocol was an international treaty that committed developed countries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The CDM was one of the flexible mechanisms created under the Kyoto Protocol to help developed countries meet their emission reduction targets in a cost-effective manner. The CDM allows developed countries to earn emission reduction credits, called Certified Emission Reductions (CERs), by investing in projects that reduce emissions in developing countries. These CERs can then be used by developed countries to offset their own emissions. The underlying idea is that emission reductions should occur where they are most cost-effective, regardless of where they occur geographically. Developing countries benefit from the CDM by receiving investments in clean technologies and sustainable development projects, while developed countries benefit by achieving their emission reduction targets at a lower cost. For example, a developed country could invest in a renewable energy project in a developing country, such as a solar power plant or a wind farm. The emission reductions achieved by the project would be certified by an independent body and converted into CERs, which the developed country could then use to meet its Kyoto Protocol obligations.