A researcher observes a correlation between high scores on the 'Dutifulness' facet of conscientiousness and a reluctance to adapt to changing project requirements. Which potential cognitive bias might be exacerbating this inflexibility?

The cognitive bias most likely exacerbating the inflexibility observed in individuals with high 'Dutifulness' scores on conscientiousness is the confirmation bias. Conscientiousness is a personality trait characterized by organization, responsibility, and goal-directed behavior. The 'Dutifulness' facet specifically reflects a strong adherence to rules, obligations, and a desire to fulfill commitments. Confirmation bias is a pervasive cognitive bias where individuals tend to favor information that confirms their existing beliefs or hypotheses, while simultaneously discounting or ignoring information that contradicts them. This isn't a conscious decision; it's a natural tendency of the human mind to seek cognitive consistency.

In the context of project requirements, someone high in Dutifulness likely develops a strong initial understanding of the project's scope and plan. They invest effort in establishing a clear roadmap and become committed to its successful execution. When project requirements change, this commitment can trigger confirmation bias. The individual might selectively focus on aspects of the new requirements that align with their original plan or interpret ambiguous changes in a way that minimizes disruption to their established approach. For example, if the initial plan involved using a specific software package, a change to consider an alternative might be met with resistance and a focus on the perceived benefits of the original choice, even if the alternative is objectively superior. They might actively seek out information supporting the original software and downplay any advantages of the new one.

Conversely, they may dismiss or minimize the importance of information suggesting the need for adaptation. This isn't necessarily due to stubbornness, but rather a cognitive shortcut that reduces mental effort. Challenging one's initial understanding and adapting to new information requires cognitive resources. Confirmation bias allows the individual to maintain a sense of control and predictability, even when the environment is changing. The higher the Dutifulness score, the stronger the initial commitment and the more pronounced the potential for confirmation bias to manifest as resistance to change. It's important to note that this bias doesn't mean the individual is incapable of adapting; it simply means they are more likely to encounter cognitive hurdles that impede a flexible response to shifting project needs.