In a two-phase commit (2PC) protocol, what is the specific role of the 'prepare' phase in ensuring atomic completion?

In a two-phase commit protocol, the prepare phase functions as a voting stage to establish whether all participating nodes are capable of successfully executing a transaction. The coordinator, which is the central node managing the process, sends a request to all participants asking them to prepare. Each participant then performs all necessary local checks, such as verifying data ....