How does a notch filter mitigate harmonic distortion in a distribution system, and what are its limitations?

A notch filter, also known as a band-stop filter, is designed to attenuate or block a specific range of frequencies while allowing frequencies outside that range to pass through with minimal attenuation. In the context of harmonic mitigation, a notch filter is typically tuned to the frequency of a dominant harmonic, such as the 5th or 7th harmonic, which are often generated by nonlinear loads like variable frequen....