How does reactive power compensation by an ESS improve power quality?

Reactive power compensation by an ESS improves power quality by maintaining voltage stability, reducing voltage fluctuations, and minimizing harmonic distortion on the electrical grid. Reactive power is the power that oscillates between the source and the load without performing any real work. An imbalance between reactive power supply and demand can lead to voltage fluctuations and power quality problems. ESS can provide reactive power compensation by injecting or absorbing reactive power as needed to maintain voltage levels within acceptable limits. When the voltage is low, the ESS can inject reactive power into the grid, boosting the voltage. When the voltage is high, the ESS can absorb reactive power from the grid, reducing the voltage. By providing fast and precise reactive power compensation, ESS can mitigate voltage sags and swells, improve voltage regulation, and enhance the overall stability of the grid. This reduces the risk of equipment malfunctions and improves the reliability of the power supply. Furthermore, ESS can be used to filter out harmonic currents, which are caused by non-linear loads and can distort the voltage waveform. By providing harmonic compensation, ESS can improve power quality and reduce the stress on electrical equipment. Improved power quality leads to reduced energy losses, increased equipment lifespan, and improved overall grid efficiency.