Explain the practical consequences of receiving a qualified dividend versus an ordinary dividend from a tax perspective.

Qualified dividends are taxed at lower capital gains rates, whereas ordinary dividends are taxed at your ordinary income tax rate. This difference has significant practical consequences. For qualified dividends, the tax rates are generally 0%, 15%, or 20%, depending on your taxable income level. For example, in 2023, if your taxable income falls within the lower tax brackets, the qualified dividend rate could be 0%; for most taxpayers, it's 15%; and for high-income earners, it's 20%. Ordinary dividends, on the other hand, are taxed at your marginal income tax rate, which can be significantly higher, reaching up to 37% federally. This means that for the same amount of dividend income, you'll pay less in taxes if it's classified as a qualified dividend rather than an ordinary dividend. To qualify for the lower tax rates, the stock must be held for a certain period (more than 60 days during the 121-day period beginning 60 days before the ex-dividend date), and the dividend must be paid by a U.S. corporation or a qualified foreign corporation. Real Estate Investment Trust (REIT) dividends are often taxed as ordinary income. The distinction between qualified and ordinary dividends directly impacts your after-tax investment return, making it an important consideration for investment strategy.