What specific type of engineering control is most effective at mitigating the risk of dust inhalation during demolition activities?

The most effective type of engineering control for mitigating the risk of dust inhalation during demolition activities is a wet suppression system. Engineering controls are measures implemented to eliminate or reduce hazards at the source. Wet suppression involves applying water to the demolition site to control dust generation. This can be achieved using various methods, such as water sprayers, misters, or water cannons. The water droplets bind to the dust particles in the air, making them heavier and causing them to fall to the ground, preventing them from being inhaled by workers. For example, using a water cannon to spray down a building before and during demolition significantly reduces the amount of airborne dust. Wet suppression is particularly effective for controlling respirable dust, which are fine particles that can penetrate deep into the lungs. The effectiveness of wet suppression depends on factors such as the water pressure, droplet size, and application rate. The goal is to wet the materials sufficiently to prevent dust from becoming airborne without creating excessive runoff or other hazards. While other controls, like ventilation, can help, wet suppression directly addresses the source of the dust, making it the most effective engineering control in this scenario. Additional measures, such as personal protective equipment (respirators), may still be necessary in conjunction with wet suppression to provide adequate protection.