Recycled Asphalt Pavement (RAP) is reclaimed asphalt pavement material that is processed and incorporated into new asphalt mixtures. The use of RAP has significant impacts on the design and performance of these new mixtures. RAP consists of both aggregate and aged asphalt binder. The aged asphalt binder in RAP is typically stiffer and more brittle than virgin asphalt binder. Therefore, the amount of RAP used in a new mixture must be carefully controlled to avoid making the overall mixture too stiff, which could lead to cracking. When RAP is used, the amount of virgin asphalt binder....
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