How does increasing the subcooling of a refrigerant affect the refrigeration cycle's performance?

Increasing the subcooling of a refrigerant in a refrigeration cycle improves the cycle's performance by increasing the cooling capacity and efficiency. Subcooling refers to cooling the liquid refrigerant below its saturation temperature at a given pressure after it has condensed in the condenser. This means the refrigerant is cooled further before it reaches the expansion valve. The increased subcooling ensures that the refrigerant remains in a liquid state as it enters the expansion valve, preventing flash gas (premature vaporization) from occurring. Flash gas reduces the evaporator's capacity because it occupies volume without absorbing heat. By eliminating flash gas, more of the refrigerant's latent heat of vaporization can be utilized in the evaporator for cooling. This results in a greater amount of heat absorbed in the evaporator for the same mass flow rate of refrigerant. This also improves the overall Coefficient of Performance (COP) of the refrigeration system because more cooling is achieved for the same amount of compressor work. For example, if the refrigerant enters the condenser at 120°F and the saturation temperature at the condenser outlet is 100°F, subcooling it further to 90°F increases the cooling capacity of the refrigerant available at the evaporator.