The primary difference between direct and indirect lightning strikes lies in whether the lightning current physically enters a structure or system. A direct lightning strike occurs when the lightning channel makes direct contact with a building, equipment, or power line. This results in a large surge of current flowing through the structure, causing significant damage due to heat, electromagnetic forces, and overvoltage. An indirect lightning strike occurs when lightning strikes near a structure or power line. The electromagnetic fields generated by the lightning strike induce voltage surges in nearby conductors, even though the lightning c....
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