What specific characteristic of iPhone's computational photography features, like Night Mode, allows it to capture usable images in light levels where a traditional single-exposure camera would produce only black?

The specific characteristic of iPhone's computational photography features, such as Night Mode, that allows it to capture usable images in extremely low light is its ability to perform multi-frame capture combined with intelligent computational stacking and merging of those frames. In conditions where a traditional single-exposure camera would produce only black, it lacks sufficient light (signal) in a single capture to overcome sensor noise, resulting in an undifferentiated dark image or one overwhelmed by noise if ISO is boosted. iPho....