If the histogram on your iPhone shows a significant spike clustered on the far right edge, what specific exposure issue is indicated, and what immediate adjustment should be made to correct it?

A histogram is a graphical representation of the tonal distribution in an image, where the horizontal axis displays brightness levels from pure black on the left to pure white on the right, and the vertical axis indicates the number of pixels at each specific brightness level. A significant spike clustered on the far right edge of the iPhone's histogram specifically indicates that the image is overexposed. Overexposure occurs when too much light has reached the camera's sensor, resulting in an image that is excessively bright. This spike on the right signifies highlight clipping, also known as blown-out highlights. Highlight clipping means that the brightest areas of the image have exceeded the camera sensor's capacity to record distinct tonal information, causing them to be rendered as pure white with no discernible detail, texture, or color. For example, a bright sky might appear as a featureless white expanse instead of showing cloud formations. To correct this overexposure and recover detail in these clipped highlights, the immediate adjustment should be to decrease the exposure compensation. Exposure compensation is a manual control that allows the user to make the image intentionally darker or brighter than what the camera's automatic metering system determines. On an iPhone, this is typically done by tapping on the subject to set focus and metering, then dragging the small sun-shaped exposure slider icon that appears next to the focus box downwards. Decreasing the exposure compensation effectively instructs the camera to reduce the amount of light reaching the sensor, either by using a faster shutter speed or a lower ISO sensitivity, or a combination of both, thereby darkening the image and bringing the brightest tones back within the sensor's capture range to prevent highlight clipping.