How do different sentence structures affect the emphasis of different components in an Italian sentence?

Different sentence structures significantly impact emphasis in Italian. Placing a word or phrase at the beginning of a sentence often gives it prominence. This is particularly true for adverbs or adverbial phrases. For example, instead of 'Io vado al cinema stasera' (I am going to the cinema tonight), saying 'Stasera vado al cinema' (Tonight, I am going to the cinema) emphasizes the timing of the action. Similarly, moving the subject to the end of the sentence can shift the focus to the action itself or to other elements. For instance, 'Ha telefonato Maria' (Maria called) puts more emphasis on the act of calling than 'Maria ha telefonato' (Maria has called). Using 'c'è / ci sono' (there is / there are) constructions can also create emphasis. 'C'è un problema' (There is a problem) highlights the existence of the problem. Also, using a passive voice emphasizes the object acted upon. Instead of 'Marco ha scritto la lettera' (Marco wrote the letter), saying 'La lettera è stata scritta da Marco' (The letter was written by Marco) emphasizes the letter itself. Therefore, varying word order and using specific constructions are key tools for controlling emphasis in Italian sentences.