Differentiate between 'reasonable suspicion' and 'probable cause' and explain how each standard applies to law enforcement actions under the Fourth Amendment.

'Reasonable suspicion' and 'probable cause' are distinct legal standards under the Fourth Amendment, which protects against unreasonable searches and seizures. 'Reasonable suspicion' is a lower standard than probable cause. It requires that a law enforcement officer have specific and articulable facts, taken together with rational inferences from those facts, that would lead a reasonable person to believe that criminal activity is afoot. This is a less demanding standard than probable cause and requires a showing considerably less than preponderance of the evidence. Reasonable suspicion allows for a brief investigat....