What are the specific stowage requirements for ammonium nitrate-based fertilizers?

Ammonium nitrate-based fertilizers, which may possess oxidizing properties and can decompose under certain conditions, are subject to specific stowage requirements under the IMDG Code to minimize the risk of fire or explosion. These requirements depend on the specific type of fertilizer and its classification. Generally, ammonium nitrate fertilizers must be stowed away from sources of heat, ignition, and combustible materials, such as flammable liquids, organic materials, and sulfur. The stowage location must be well-ventilated to prevent the accumulation of decomposition gases, such as nitrogen oxides, which can be toxic and contribute to further decomposition. The IMDG Code specifies maximum stowage heights to prevent excessive pressure on the fertilizer, which can promote decomposition. Ammonium nitrate fertilizers must also be protected from contamination, particularly with substances that can react with ammonium nitrate, such as acids, alkalis, and chlorides. Some ammonium nitrate fertilizers are classified as dangerous goods and require more stringent stowage requirements, including segregation from other incompatible dangerous goods, such as explosives and self-reactive substances. The stowage plan must also consider the potential for self-heating and decomposition, especially for fertilizers with a high ammonium nitrate content. Emergency response procedures must be in place to address potential fires or explosions, including the use of appropriate firefighting agents, which may include large quantities of water. Therefore, careful consideration of the IMDG Code's stowage requirements for ammonium nitrate-based fertilizers is essential for ensuring safe transport.