What are the specific requirements for the use of closed cargo transport units (CTUs) when transporting dangerous goods?

When transporting dangerous goods, the IMDG Code stipulates specific requirements for the use of closed Cargo Transport Units (CTUs), such as freight containers and closed vehicles, to ensure safe containment and prevent hazards. Before packing a CTU with dangerous goods, it must be inspected to ensure it is structurally sound, clean, and dry, and free from any residue that could react with the dangerous goods. The dangerous goods must be properly packed, labeled, and marked in accordance with the IMDG Code's requirements before being loaded into the CTU. The cargo must be properly stowed and secured within the CTU to prevent shifting during transit, which could damage the packages or create unstable conditions. Specific securing methods, such as lashing, shoring, and blocking, may be required depending on the type of dangerous goods and the mode of transport. The CTU must be properly placarded with the appropriate hazard placards for all dangerous goods contained within, and the placards must be visible from all sides of the unit. A Container Packing Certificate must be completed and signed by the person responsible for packing the CTU, certifying that the cargo has been properly packed, secured, and labeled in accordance with the IMDG Code. The CTU must be properly ventilated if required by the specific dangerous goods being transported. This may involve using natural ventilation or forced ventilation systems. For certain dangerous goods, temperature control may be required, and the CTU must be equipped with appropriate temperature monitoring and control devices. The doors of the CTU must be securely closed and locked to prevent unauthorized access and to ensure that the cargo remains contained during transit. Following these requirements ensures the safe and secure transport of dangerous goods within closed CTUs.