What is the role of export controls in counterproliferation strategies?

The role of export controls in counterproliferation strategies is to prevent or delay states and non-state actors from acquiring the materials, equipment, and technology needed to develop, produce, or acquire nuclear weapons and related delivery systems. Export controls are a key tool for disrupting the supply chains that support proliferation activities. They involve a system of laws and regulations that restrict the export of certain items to specific destinations or end-users. These items are typically identified on control lists, which are maintained by national governments and interna....