What is the purpose of a tailings dam monitoring system?

The purpose of a tailings dam monitoring system is to detect any signs of instability or potential failure of the dam, allowing for timely intervention to prevent catastrophic events that could result in environmental damage, loss of life, and significant economic consequences. Tailings dams are large earthen structures that are used to store the waste materials (tailings) from mining operations. These structures can be susceptible to failure due to factors such as overtopping, erosion, seismic activity, and internal instability. A tailings dam monitoring system typically includes a variety of instruments that measure parameters such as water levels, pore water pressures, deformation, and seismic activity. Piezometers are used to measure pore water pressures within the dam. Survey markers and GPS are used to measure deformation of the dam crest and slopes. Seismographs are used to monitor seismic activity in the vicinity of the dam. Inclinometers are used to measure subsurface deformation. Water level sensors are used to monitor the water level in the tailings pond. The data from these instruments is continuously monitored and analyzed to detect any trends or anomalies that may indicate potential problems. If any signs of instability are detected, alarms are triggered, and appropriate actions are taken to mitigate the risk of failure. These actions may include lowering the water level in the tailings pond, reinforcing the dam structure, or evacuating downstream areas. Regular inspections and maintenance are also an important part of a tailings dam monitoring system. Tailings dam monitoring systems are essential for ensuring the safety and long-term stability of tailings dams. They are a critical component of responsible tailings management practices.