The fundamental concept behind Layer of Protection Analysis (LOPA) is to systematically evaluate the risk associated with a hazardous event by identifying and assessing the effectiveness of independent protection layers (IPLs) in preventing or mitigating the event. LOPA is a semi-quantitative risk assessment technique used to determine if the existing layers of protection are sufficient to reduce the risk to an acceptable level. It begins by identifying a potential hazardous event, such as a reactor overpressure. Then, it identif....
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