Which reinforcement schedule is MOST likely to produce consistent and predictable communication attempts, particularly during initial PECS implementation?

Full-schedule reinforcement is most likely to produce consistent and predictable communication attempts, particularly during initial Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) implementation. Let's break down what this means. Reinforcement schedules describe how often a behavior is followed by a reward. A 'schedule' refers to the pattern of reinforcement. 'Consistent and predictable communication attempts' means the individual using PECS will regularly try to communicate using the system, and this effort will be reliable. PECS, or Picture Exchange Communication System, is a communication system often used with individuals who have limited or no verbal communication skills. It involves exchanging pictures to request items or activities.

Full-schedule reinforcement, also known as continuous reinforcement, means that *every* instance of the target behavior (in this case, requesting with PECS) is immediately reinforced. For example, if a child exchanges a picture of a cookie to request a cookie, they receive the cookie *every* time they make that exchange. This is crucial during initial PECS training because it establishes a strong association between the communication act (exchanging the picture) and the desired outcome (getting the item). The consistent delivery of reinforcement quickly teaches the individual that exchanging a picture leads to getting what they want.

Other reinforcement schedules, such as fixed ratio, variable ratio, fixed interval, or variable interval schedules, involve reinforcing the behavior only *some* of the time. While these schedules can be useful for maintaining behaviors once they are established, they are not ideal for initial learning. Introducing these schedules too early can lead to inconsistent communication attempts because the individual may not be sure if their communication will be successful. They might hesitate or stop trying if they don't consistently receive the desired outcome. Full-schedule reinforcement provides the clarity and predictability needed to build a solid foundation for communication using PECS. Once the individual consistently and independently exchanges pictures to request items, the reinforcement schedule can be gradually faded to a less frequent schedule to maintain the behavior and prevent satiation (getting tired of receiving the reward every time).