Pipeline ovality, which is the deviation of a pipeline's cross-section from a perfect circle, has several practical implications for the accuracy of in-line inspection (ILI) tools. ILI tools are used to detect and characterize defects in pipelines. Ovality can affect the tool's ability to accurately measure the size and shape of these defects. Firstly, ovality can cause errors in wall thickness measurements. ILI tools often rely on sensors that measure the distance to the pipe wall. If the pipe is oval, the distance measured by the sensor may not accurately re....
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