Describe the key linguistic features of formal written Polish compared to everyday spoken Polish, and why it’s important for advanced learners to be aware of these differences.

Formal written Polish differs significantly from everyday spoken Polish in several key linguistic features. These differences include: more complex sentence structures, with a greater use of subordinate clauses and longer, more elaborate sentences; a wider range of vocabulary, including more formal and technical terms, and fewer colloquialisms or slang; a greater adherence to grammatical rules, with fewer instances of grammatical errors or informal contractions; a more formal tone, with less use of emotive language or personal opinions; and a greater use of impersonal constructions and passive voice to create a more objective and authoritative tone. For example, a formal written text might use 'należy zauważyć, że...' (it should be noted that...), while everyday spoken Polish might use 'trzeba powiedzieć, że...' (one must say that...). Awareness of these differences is crucial for advanced learners because it allows them to: understand and interpret formal written texts, such as academic articles, legal documents, or official correspondence; produce formal written texts that are appropriate for different contexts; avoid making inappropriate language choices that could damage their credibility or professionalism; and navigate different social and professional situations with greater confidence and competence. Failing to recognize these differences can lead to miscommunication, misunderstandings, or even offense in formal settings. Therefore, advanced learners need to develop a strong understanding of the key linguistic features that distinguish formal written Polish from everyday spoken Polish.