What is the primary function of a dynamic EQ, and when is it particularly useful for vocal processing?

The primary function of a dynamic EQ is to apply equalization changes based on the level of the input signal. Unlike a static EQ, which applies a fixed EQ curve regardless of the signal's dynamics, a dynamic EQ can automatically adjust its EQ settings in response to changes in the audio's amplitude. It essentially combines the functionality of an EQ and a compressor, allowing you to target specific frequencies and control their dynamic behavior. A dynamic EQ is particularly useful for vocal processing in several scenarios. One common application is to de-ess a vocal track. Sibilance (harsh 's' and 't' sounds) can be problematic in vocals, and a dynamic EQ can be used to automatically reduce the level of these frequencies only when they become too prominent. The dynamic EQ is set to attenuate the sibilant frequencies whenever they exceed a certain threshold, effectively de-essing the vocal without affecting other parts of the performance. Another useful application is to control proximity effect in vocals recorded with a microphone close to the singer's mouth. The proximity effect causes an increase in low frequencies as the singer gets closer to the microphone. A dynamic EQ can be used to automatically reduce these low frequencies when they become too boomy or overpowering, providing a more balanced and consistent vocal tone. It can also be used to tame resonances in a vocal track that only appear at certain frequencies and volume levels. By using a dynamic EQ, you can address these issues without permanently altering the vocal's overall EQ balance.