Psychological hardiness is a concept introduced by psychologist Salvatore Maddi and his colleagues in the 1970s, which refers to a set of personality traits or attitudes that enable individuals to withstand and thrive in the face of stressful life events. Psychological hardiness consists of three components: commitment, control, and challenge.
1. Commitment: Commitment refers to a deep sense of involvement in and engagement with life's activities and pursuits. Individuals high in commitment are deeply invested in their goals, values, and relationships, and they approach life with a sense of purpose and meaning. They are committed to their work, relationships, and personal growth, which provides them with a sense of direction and resilience in the face of challenges.
2. Control: Control refers to the belief that one has the capacity to influence and shape one's own outcomes and experiences. Individuals high in control perceive themselves as active agents in their lives, capable of taking initiative, making choices, and exerting influence over their circumstances. They have a sense of self-efficacy and internal locus of control, which empowers them to take proactive steps to....
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