What complication can result from improper triangulation of robotic ports during surgery?

Improper triangulation of robotic ports during surgery can cause external and internal instrument collisions, which reduce the range of motion and limit access to the surgical target. Triangulation means placing the camera port and instrument ports so that they form a triangle, allowing the robotic arms to approach the surgical site from different angles with enough space between them. If the ports are placed too close together or misaligned, the robotic arms may bump into each other outside the patient or their instruments may cross paths inside the body. This interferes with precise movements and makes it harder to perform tasks like suturing or dissection. It can also increase the risk of tissue damage if the surgeon cannot properly control the tools due to restricted movement. Poor triangulation can also cause strain on the robotic joints, leading to mechanical stress or premature wear. Maintaining correct triangulation is essential for smooth, safe, and accurate robotic procedures.