How does Rust handle memory safety without the need for garbage collection, and what role do lifetimes play in this context?

Memory Safety in Rust Without Garbage Collection: Rust achieves memory safety without relying on garbage collection through a combination of ownership, borrowing, and lifetimes. These features are part of Rust's ownership system, which allows developers to manage memory explicitly at compile time without introducing runtime overhead. 1. Ownership System: - In Rust, each value has a variable that is its "owner." The owner is responsible for cleaning up the value when it goes out of scope. This principle is known as ownership. Ownership ensures that there is always a clear single owner for each piece of allocated memory, eliminating issues like dangling pointers and memory leaks. 2. Borrowing: - Instead of transferring ownership every time data is passed around, Rust allows borrowing. Borrowing involves temporarily lending a reference to a value to another part of the code. Borrowing can be either mutable or immutable, depending on whether the borrowed reference allows modifications. 3. Lifetimes: - Lifetimes in Rust are a crucial part of the ownership system. They specify the scope for which references are valid and help the compiler enforce rules for safe borrowing and ownership. Lifetimes ensure that references do not outlive the data they point to, preventing dangling references a....