What is the primary CPTED principle applicable to deterring insider threats within a high-security facility?

The primary CPTED (Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design) principle applicable to deterring insider threats is 'access control'. Access control in this context extends beyond simply restricting physical entry. It involves creating a layered system of authorizations, surveillance, and procedural safeguards that make it difficult for insiders to commit malicious acts without being detected. This can include measures like separating duties so no single individual has complete control over a critical process, using biometric authentication to verify identity, implementing strict logging and auditing of system access, and creating visible oversight mechanisms that increase the perceived risk of detection for potential wrongdoers. By managing who has access to what resources and information, and by making unauthorized activity more difficult to conceal, access control significantly reduces the opportunities and incentives for insider threats to materialize.