Explain the difference between 'equipment grounding' and 'system grounding'.

Equipment grounding and system grounding are two distinct but related concepts in electrical safety, each serving a different purpose. Equipment grounding, also called protective grounding, is the practice of connecting the non-current-carrying metal parts of electrical equipment, such as enclosures, frames, and motor housings, to ground. The purpose of equipment grounding is to provide a low-impedance path for fault current to flow back to the source in the event of an insulation failure. This allows a circuit breaker or fuse to quickly trip, disconnecting the power and preventing a dangerous voltage from appearing on the equipment. This protects personnel from electric shock and reduces the risk of fire. System grounding, on the other hand, is the practice of intentionally connecting one point of the electrical power system, typically the neutral point of a transformer or generator, to ground. The purpose of system grounding is to stabilize the system voltage, limit overvoltages, and provide a reference point for the system voltage. It also helps to facilitate the operation of protective devices, such as ground fault relays. System grounding can be either solidly grounded, where the neutral is directly connected to ground, or impedance grounded, where a resistor or reactor is inserted between the neutral and ground. The choice of grounding method depends on the specific characteristics of the electrical system and the desired level of protection.