Describe the impact of using bifacial PV modules on system design and modeling, including considerations for ground albedo and rear-side irradiance capture.

Bifacial PV modules generate electricity from both the front and rear surfaces, which impacts system design and modeling in several ways. Ground albedo, which is the reflectivity of the ground surface, becomes a crucial factor. The higher the albedo, the more sunlight is reflected onto the rear side of the modules, increasing energy production. Surfaces like snow, sand, or light-colored gravel have high albedo, while dark soil or vegetation have low albedo. Rear-side irradiance capture is another important consideration. The amount of sunlight that reaches the rear side of....