What is the significance of 'escalation dominance' in conventional deterrence?

'Escalation dominance' in conventional deterrence is significant because it provides a state with the ability to deter an adversary from escalating a conflict by demonstrating a clear military advantage at every level of potential conflict. This means possessing capabilities that are superior to the adversary's, not just in overall military strength, but also at each potential stage of escalation, from low-intensity conflict to large-scale conventional warfare. The goal is to convince the adversary that any attempt to escalate the conflict will result in a disadvantageous outcome for them, thus deterring them from taking such action. For instance, if a state possesses superior air defenses, a more advanced navy, and a larger, better-equipped army, it can deter an adversary from escalating a conflict beyond a limited border skirmish because the adversary knows that it will be outmatched at every subsequent stage. Escalation dominance requires not only possessing superior military technology and personnel, but also demonstrating the will to use these capabilities if necessary. This can be achieved through military exercises, deployments, and clear communication of red lines. The absence of escalation dominance can encourage an adversary to escalate a conflict in the hope of gaining an advantage, believing that the defender lacks the ability or willingness to respond effectively at higher levels of intensity. Therefore, escalation dominance is a key component of maintaining stability and preventing conflict escalation in a conventional deterrence strategy.