Describe a situation illustrating the availability heuristic and explain why it is dangerous.

A situation illustrating the availability heuristic is a person overestimating the likelihood of dying in a plane crash after seeing extensive news coverage of a recent airplane accident. The availability heuristic is a mental shortcut where people make judgments about the probability of an event based on how easily examples come to mind. Because plane crashes are often heavily publicized, vivid memories of such events are readily available in a person's mind, leading them to overestimate the actual risk. This is dangerous because it can lead to irrational fears and decisions. In this case, the person might avoid air travel altogether, even though statistically, flying is much safer than driving. The danger lies in relying on easily recalled information rather than objective data, leading to biased assessments of risk and potentially hindering rational decision-making in various aspects of life.