How does anchoring bias typically manifest in decision-making processes, and what is a concrete strategy to mitigate its effects?

Anchoring bias manifests in decision-making when an individual relies too heavily on an initial piece of information (the 'anchor') when making subsequent judgments. This initial anchor, regardless of its relevance or accuracy, unduly influences their final decision, even when new or contradictory information is presented. For example, if someone is told a car is worth $20,000, they are likely to judge any offer, even a clearly overpriced one like $22,000, as reasonable, because it's relatively close to the initial anchor of $20,000. A concrete strategy to mitigate anchoring bias is to actively seek out and consider multiple, independent sources of information before making a decision. In the car example, this would involve researching typical car values from various sources (e.g., Kelley Blue Book, Edmunds) instead of solely relying on the initial price suggested by the seller. By generating multiple anchors from diverse sources, the influence of any single anchor is diminished, leading to a more objective and informed decision.