What is a Safety Data Sheet (SDS) and what type of information does it contain that is crucial for hazard communication?

A Safety Data Sheet (SDS) is a standardized document that provides comprehensive information about a chemical substance or mixture. It is a primary component of hazard communication, ensuring that workers and emergency personnel have access to essential information regarding the safe handling, use, and disposal of chemicals. The SDS contains sixteen sections covering various aspects of the chemical, including: identification (chemical name, manufacturer information), hazard identification (potential health and physical hazards), composition/information on ingredients (chemical ingredients and their concentrations), first-aid measures (emergency procedures for exposure), fire-fighting measures (appropriate extinguishing techniques and equipment), accidental release measures (procedures for spill cleanup and containment), handling and storage (safe handling practices and storage requirements), exposure controls/personal protection (recommended exposure limits and personal protective equipment), physical and chemical properties (characteristics such as boiling point, vapor pressure, and flammability), stability and reactivity (conditions to avoid and incompatible materials), toxicological information (health effects from exposure), ecological information (environmental impact), disposal considerations (proper disposal methods), transport information (shipping regulations), and regulatory information (applicable regulations). The most crucial information for hazard communication includes the identification of hazards, required personal protective equipment, and first-aid measures in case of exposure.