What is the primary benefit of using multi-layer TENGs?

The primary benefit of using multi-layer TENGs is the ability to increase the output voltage and current density compared to single-layer TENGs for the same device area. By stacking multiple triboelectric layers in series or parallel, the total charge generation and voltage output can be significantly enhanced. In a series configuration, the voltage generated by each layer adds up, resulting in a higher overall voltage. In a parallel configuration, the current generated by each layer adds up, resulting in a higher overall current. This increased power output makes multi-layer TENGs more suitable for powering larger electronic devices or for charging energy storage devices more quickly. Multi-layer TENGs can also be designed to harvest energy from multiple directions or modes of mechanical excitation, further enhancing their energy harvesting capabilities. For example, a multi-layer TENG could have alternating layers designed to respond to vertical and lateral motion, maximizing energy harvesting from complex movements.