Groundwater chemistry analysis is crucial during geotechnical investigations for tunneling because it helps predict and mitigate potential problems related to corrosion, erosion, and the chemical stability of construction materials and the surrounding ground. Knowing the chemical composition of the groundwater allows engineers to select appropriate tunnel lining materials (such as concrete or steel) that are resistant to chemical attack, preventing premature degradation and ensuring the tunnel's long-term durability. For example, high sulfate concentrations can lead to sulfate attack on concrete,....
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