Form a passive voice sentence in Turkish from the active sentence 'Öğretmen öğrencileri azarladı.' (The teacher scolded the students).
To form a passive voice sentence in Turkish from the active sentence 'Öğretmen öğrencileri azarladı.' (The teacher scolded the students), we must understand the transformation process of Turkish passive voice, known as 'edilgen çatı'. In an active sentence, the subject performs the action. In a passive sentence, the subject receives the action.
First, let's analyze the given active sentence:
* Öğretmen: This is the subject ('özne') of the active sentence, the agent performing the action (the teacher).
* öğrencileri: This is the direct object ('nesne') of the active sentence, in the accusative case (marked by the suffix '-i'), indicating who received the action (the students).
* azarladı: This is the active verb, in the definite past tense ('belirli geçmiş zaman'). Its stem is 'azarlama-'.
Now, we transform this into a passive sentence using the following steps:
1. Identify the new subject: In the passive voice, the direct object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence. The active object 'öğrencileri' (the students, in accusative case) will become the new subject. When it becomes the subject, it drops its accusative case suffix ('-i') and takes the nominative case, becoming 'öğrenciler'.
2. Transform the verb into its passive form: Turkish verbs are made passive by adding specific suffixes to the verb stem. The main passive suffixes are -l, -ıl, -il, -ul, -ül. However, for verb stems that end in a vowel (like 'a' in 'azarlama-'), the passive suffix is typically '-n'.
* The verb stem is 'azarlama-'.
* We add the passive suffix '-n' to the stem: 'azarlan-'. This forms the passive verb stem.
* We then re-apply the original tense suffix, which is the definite past tense suffix '-dı' for 'azarladı'.
* Thus, 'azarlan-' combined with '-dı' becomes 'azarlandı'. This means 'was scolded' or 'were scolded'.
3. Construct the passive sentence: Combine the new subject with the passive verb.
* Öğrenciler azarlandı. (The students were scolded.)
4. Optional: Indicate the original agent: In Turkish passive sentences, the original subject (the performer of the action) is often omitted. If it needs to be specified, it is typically done using the postposition 'tarafından' (by). The original subject 'Öğretmen' (the teacher) would then become 'Öğretmen tarafından'.
* Öğrenciler öğretmen tarafından azarlandı. (The students were scolded by the teacher.)
Therefore, the complete passive voice sentence derived from 'Öğretmen öğrencileri azarladı.' is 'Öğrenciler azarlandı.'.