Describe the chemical composition of 'wine diamonds' and how their formation is influenced by temperature and pH.

Wine diamonds are crystalline deposits that form in wine, primarily composed of potassium bitartrate (KHT) and, to a lesser extent, calcium tartrate. Potassium bitartrate is a salt of tartaric acid, the most abundant organic acid in grapes. Calcium tartrate's formation is less common than potassium bitartrate, but it can still occur and contribute to crystal formation. These crystals are harmless and do not affect the wine's flavor or aroma, but consumers often perceive them negatively. Temperature and pH significantly influence the formation of wine diamonds. Potass....