Evaluate the influence of globalization on the development of two selected musical forms from Latin America, detailing how cultural exchange and technological advancements have impacted their evolution.

Globalization has profoundly impacted the development of Latin American music, leading to both hybridizations and the preservation of traditional forms. This influence is clearly evident in the evolution of two distinct musical genres: the Cuban son and the Argentine tango. These genres, while deeply rooted in their respective national histories, have been reshaped by cultural exchanges and technological advancements, illustrating both the transformative and integrative power of globalization.

Cuban son, which emerged in the late 19th century in eastern Cuba, was initially a fusion of Spanish and African musical traditions. The Spanish brought stringed instruments such as the guitar and tres, and the African contribution was mainly seen in the rhythmic structure, particularly through the use of percussion. Son was characterized by its call-and-response vocal patterns, syncopated rhythms, and the interplay between the melodic and percussion instruments. Prior to globalization, son remained a primarily regional phenomenon, reflecting its local Cuban roots. However, the early 20th century saw the gradual spread of son to other parts of the world due to various factors, including migration and the growth of the recording industry. The introduction of radio and phonograph records allowed Cuban son to travel beyond the island's borders, reaching audiences in North America and Europe, thereby becoming a foundational element in other genres. This exposure to diverse cultural influences resulted in new innovations. The arrival of jazz influences in the early and mid 20th century led to the emergence of "son montuno" with more sophisticated instrumental arrangements and a strong focus on instrumental improvisation. The son clave rhythm became a foundational aspect of salsa, a hybrid genre that emerged from New York, combining son with elements of other Latin American and jazz music, further demonstrating globalization's effects on son. Technological advancements in recording and music production enabled musicians to experiment with instrumentation and arrangements. The recording and dissemination capabilities of the music industry created opportunities for artists to make music with a larger audience. This resulted in the introduction of new instruments, such as brass sections and the electric guitar, into son. Globalization has thus transformed the son from its original form, moving it from a primarily rural Cuban style to a vibrant and influential global musical genre. The son has continued to evolve. Modern examples include the son fusion with pop, electronic, and other genres. Thus, globalization has transformed son from a rural and local form into a vibrant and influential global genre with a rich variety of modern iterations.

Argentine tango, another genre heavily influenced by globalization, began in the late 19th century in the port cities of Buenos Aires. The tango's origin was in the marginalized sectors of Argentine society, influenced by a mix of European and African musical traditions, as well as indigenous rhythms. Initially, it was a raw and sensual dance form, which was accompanied by instruments like the guitar, flute, and violin. The introduction of the bandoneon, a type of concertina, from Europe is particularly crucial as it became the central instrument of the tango orchestra, which was due to global trade and cultural exchange. The early tango was largely an instrumental genre and it spread to Europe during the early 20th century through the international circulation of musical artists. In Europe, tango was very popular with the upper classes which led to the development of a more refined, polished, and less sensual version. The European version of tango then had a profound influence on how tango is understood in Argentina itself. Thus, what started out as a marginalized musical form, gained popularity worldwide and went through constant refinement as it traveled. The music was not static; it evolved to respond to its new settings. Globalization also influenced the tango through the development of recording technologies. With the advent of radio and recording, tango became widely accessible and started to incorporate other musical forms. During the mid 20th century, tango incorporated jazz harmonies, which led to the emergence of "tango nuevo" which is more sophisticated in terms of harmony and rhythmic structure. It should be noted that while tango initially grew within the local Argentine community, globalization spread it worldwide with the use of media technologies and the movement of people and performers and then further refined it. It's modern iterations often include fusion with electronic or pop music, thereby reflecting the influence of globalization on a once very local and marginalized musical genre.

In conclusion, globalization has played a pivotal role in the development of both Cuban son and Argentine tango. While these genres started out in marginalized or specific localities, the combination of increased cultural exchange and technological innovations facilitated the transformation of these musical styles into global phenomena. The Cuban son incorporated jazz and various other musical elements to create new styles of son, as well as being a foundational element in other musical genres, like Salsa. The Argentine tango, originally a raw and sensual music form, spread throughout the globe. As it traveled, it was reshaped by the influence of European art forms and the integration of new technologies. In both of these cases, globalization has led to a mixing of cultures, a hybridization of sounds, and a constant re-imagining of what these musical genres can be. This demonstrates the complex effects of global interconnectedness on these rich cultural forms.