Explain the concept of telomere attrition and how it can be prevented.

Telomere attrition refers to the gradual shortening of telomeres, which are protective caps on the end of chromosomes. As cells divide, the telomeres naturally shorten, eventually leading to cell senescence or death. Telomere attrition has been implicated in age-related diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegeneration. One way to prevent telomere attrition is through the activation of telomerase, an enzyme that can add length to telomeres. Telomerase is most active in stem cells and certain types of immune cells, but is typically not active in most other cells o....